[Being a GP] [The GP consultation] [Clinical Ethics and Values] [Evidence based health care] [Clinical Governance] [Equality and diversity]

[Management in primary care] [Information technology] [Research and academic activity]     

[Patient Safety Management] [Healthy living] [Genetics] [Acutely ill People] [Children & Young People] [Older Adults] [Women's health] [Men's health]

[Sexual Health] [Cancer & Palliative Care] [Mental Health Problems] [Drugs and Alcohol] [Learning Disabilities] [Respiratory] [Cardiovascular] [Gastroenterology] [Ophthalmology] [Neurology] [ENT & Facial] [Rheumatology and Trauma] [Dermatology] [Metabolic]                    

[Teaching, mentorship and clinical supervision]

Cardiovascular   Direct link to the Cardiovascular curriculum

Material specific for the Nottingham VTS

• ?

Relevant texts and resources

• BEEVERS G, LIP GHY, O’BRIEN E. ABC of Hypertension (5th edn) London: BMJ Books, 2006

• BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AND ROYAL PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN. The British National Formulary London: BMJ Books, updated annually

• BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION,ROYAL PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN,ROYAL COLLEGE OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH. The Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group BNF for Children London: BMA, 2005

• CHAMBERS R, WAKELY G, IQBAL Z. Cardiovascular Disease Matters Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, 2001

• HAMPTON JR. The ECG Made Easy (6th edn) London: Churchill Livingstone, 2003

• QBAL Z, CHAMBERS R, WOODMANSEY P. Implementing the National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease in Primary Care Oxford Radcliffe Medical Press, 2001

• JONES R, BRITTEN N, CULPEPPER L, et al. (eds). Oxford Textbook of Primary Medical Care Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004 JULIAN DG, COWEN JC, MCLENACHAN J. Cardiology (7th edn) London: Saunders, 1998

• LIP GHY, DAVIES R, DAVIES MK. ABC of Heart Failure (2nd edn) London: BMJ Books, 2006

• WAINE C. Coronary Heart Disease London: RCGP, 1996

• WARRELL D, COX TM, FIRTH JD, BENZ EJ (eds). Oxford Textbook of Medicine (4th edn) Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004

Web resources

• British Cardiac Society www.bcs.com  

• Chronic Disease Management Paper from RCGP www.rcgp.org.uk/PDF/Corp_chronic_disease_nhs.pdf

• National Electronic Library www.nelh.nhs.uk/

• Personal experiences of illness and health (multimedia) www.dipex.org/

• Primary Care Cardiovascular Society www.pccs.org.uk/

Interesting papers

Risk factors for CHD

•  BAKER S, PRIEST P, JACKSON R. Using thresholds based on risk of cardiovascular disease to target treatment for hypertension: modelling events averted and number treated BMJ 2000; 320(7236): 680–5. Erratum in: BMJ 2000; 320(7247): 1436

• CAPPUCCIO FP, OAKESHOTT P, STRAZZULLO P, KERRY SM. Application of Framingham risk estimates to ethnic minorities in United Kingdom and implications for primary prevention of heart disease in general practice: cross sectional population based study BMJ 2002; 325(7375): 1271. Erratum in: BMJ 2003; 327(7420): 919

• LEWIS DK, ROBINSON J, WILKINSON E. Factors involved in deciding to start preventive treatment: qualitative study of clinicians’ and lay people’s attitudes BMJ 2003; 327(7419): 841

• LONN EM AND YUSUF S. Evidence based cardiology: emerging approaches in preventing cardiovascular disease BMJ 1999; 318(7194): 1337–41

• ROBLESS P, MIKHAILIDIS DP, STANSBY G. Systematic review of antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular death in patients with peripheral vascular disease Br J Surg 2001; 88(6): 787–800

• ROBSON J. Information needed to decide about cardiovascular treatment in primary care BMJ 1997; 314: 277–80

• WILSON S, JOHNSTON A, ROBSON J, POULTER N, COLLIER D, FEDER G, et al. Comparison of methods to identify individuals at increased risk of coronary disease from the general population BMJ 2003; 326: 1436–40

Angina

• CREA F AND LANZA GA. Angina pectoris and normal coronary arteries: cardiac syndrome X Heart 2004; 90(4): 457–63

• LÜSCHER TF. Treatment of stable angina BMJ 2000; 321: 62–3

• O’TOOLE L AND GRECH ED. Chronic stable angina: treatment options BMJ 2003; 326: 1185–8

• RIHAL CS, RACO DL, GERSH BJ, YUSUF S. Indications for coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention in chronic stable angina: review of the evidence and methodological considerations Circulation 2003; 108(20): 2439–45

• TRAN H AND ANAND SS. Oral antiplatelet therapy in cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease JAMA 2004; 292(15): 1867–74

CHD – specialised topics

• BASS C AND MAYOU R. Chest pain (ABC of Psychological Medicine) BMJ 2002; 325(7364): 588–91

• BECKMAN JA, CREAGER MA, LIBBY P. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management JAMA 2002; 287(19): 2570–81

• CHATURVEDI N. Ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease Heart 2003; 89(6): 681–6

• NABEL EG. Cardiovascular disease (Genomic Medicine) N Engl J Med 2003; 349(1): 60–72

CHD – economics of treatment

• MARSHALL T AND ROUSE A. Resource implications and health benefits of primary prevention strategies for cardiovascular disease in people aged 30 to 74: mathematical modelling study BMJ 2002; 325(7357): 197. Erratum in: BMJ 2002; 325(7367): 756

• OFMAN JJ, BADAMGARAV E, HENNING JM, KNIGHT K, GANO AD JR,LEVAN RK, et al. Does disease management improve clinical and economic outcomes in patients with chronic diseases? A systematic review Am J Med 2004; 117(3): 182–92

Acute coronary syndrome

• MAYNARD SJ, SCOTT GO, RIDDELL JW, ADGEY AAJ. Regular review: management of acute coronary syndromes BMJ 2000; 321: 220–3

• ROE MT, OHMAN EM, POLLACK CV JR,PETERSON ED, BRINDIS RG, HARRINGTON RA, et al. Changing the model of care for patients with acute coronary syndromes Am Heart J 2003; 146(4): 605–12

Heart failure

•  AURIGEMMA GP AND GAASCH WH. Clinical practice. Diastolic heart failure N Engl J Med 2004; 351(11): 1097–105

• DEI CAS L, METRA M, NODARI S, DEI CAS A, GHEORGHIADE M. Prevention and management of chronic heart failure in patients at risk Am J Cardiol 2003; 91(9A): 10–17F

•  MCALISTER FA, STEWART S, FERRUA S, MCMURRAY JJ. Multidisciplinary strategies for the management of heart failure patients at high risk for admission: a systematic review of randomized trials J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 44(4): 810–19

• RODEHEFFER RJ. Measuring plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in heart failure: good to go in 2004? J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 44(4): 740–9

Heart disease statistics

•  The best source of these can be downloaded as both PDF and Excel spreadsheet from the British Heart Foundation ‘Heart Stats’ website: www.heratstats.org/homepage.asp

The patient’s perspective

• MCALISTER FA, O'CONNOR AM, WELLS G, GROVER SA, LAUPACIS A. When should hypertension be treated? The different perspectives of Canadian family physicians and patients CMAJ 2000; 163(4): 403–8

•  PATTENDEN J, WATT I, LEWIN RJP, STANFORD N. Decision making processes in people with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction: qualitative study BMJ 2002; 324: 1006

Cardiac rehabilitation

• SMART N AND MARWICK TH. Exercise training for patients with heart failure: a systematic review of factors that improve mortality and morbidity Am J Med 2004; 116(10): 693–706

• TAYLOR RS, BROWN A, EBRAHIM S, JOLLIFFE J, NOORANI H, REES K, et al. Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Am J Med 2004; 116(10): 682–92

Self-management

• WARSI A, WANG PS, LAVALLEY MP, AVORN J, SOLOMON DH. Self-management education programs in chronic disease: a systematic review and methodological critique of the literature Arch Intern Med 2004; 164(15): 1641–9

Venous thromboembolism

• TOVEY C AND WYATT S. Diagnosis, investigation, and management of deep vein thrombosis BMJ 2003; 326(7400): 1180–4

• MCMANUS RJ, FITZMAURICE DA, HOBBS FDR. Thromboembolism in Clinical Evidence London: BMJ Publications, 2004

Peripheral vascular disease

• BURNS P, GOUGH S, BRADBURY AW. Management of peripheral arterial disease in primary care BMJ 2003; 326(7389): 584–8

References

•  MATHERS CD, BERNARD C, IBURG CM, INNOUE M, FAT DM, SHIBUYA K, et al. Global Burden of Disease in 2002: data sources, methods and results. No. 54 Geneva: World Health Organization, 2003

• BHF INFORMATION SERVICE. BHF Information Service London: British Heart Foundation, www.bhf.org.uk

• THE STROKE ASSOCIATION. The Cost of Stroke London: The Stroke Association, www.stroke.org.uk/professionals/information_and_resources/the_cost_of.html

• NICE. CG18 Hypertension (Persistently High Blood Pressure) in Adults – NICE guideline London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, www.nice.org.uk

• MCCORMICK A, FLEMING D, CHARLTON J. Morbidity Statistics from General Practice Fourth National Study 1991–1992 London: Office for National Statistics, www.statistics.gov.uk

•  JOINT HEALTH SURVEYS UNIT. Health Survey for England ’98 (Erens R and Primatesta P, eds) No. 6 London: HMSO, 1999, pp. 1–368